Udawattekele Sanctuary: Kandy's Royal Forest in Sri Lanka

## Introduction

Nestled on a hill just behind the revered Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic, Udawattekele Sanctuary offers a verdant escape from the vibrant energy of Kandy city. Known as the 'garden above the royal palace,' this 104-hectare urban forest is a living museum of history and biodiversity. Once a forbidden forest exclusively for Kandyan royalty, it now welcomes visitors to explore its ancient trails, towering trees, and giant lianas. Within this tranquil haven, you will encounter mischievous toque macaques, a symphony of over 80 species of birds, and the quiet solitude of forest hermitages. Udawattekele is more than just a park; it’s a journey back in time, a sanctuary for both wildlife and the human spirit, making it an unmissable part of any Sri Lankan itinerary crafted by JEMO TRIP & TOUR.

## History & Background

The history of Udawattekele is deeply intertwined with the last kingdom of Sri Lanka. Its name, translating to 'the garden above the royal palace,' points to its exclusive past. During the Kandyan era, this lush forest was a *tahansi kele*—a forbidden forest—where access was strictly limited to the royal family. It served as a private pleasure garden and a secluded retreat for the kings and queens of Kandy. The forest’s dense canopy provided a natural, protective barrier for the royal palace and the Temple of the Tooth Relic situated below, making it a crucial part of the city's historical layout and defense.

After the fall of the Kandyan Kingdom to the British in 1815, the forest's status began to change. Recognizing its ecological importance as a vital catchment area and its historical value, the colonial administration designated it as a Forest Reserve in 1856, making it one of the oldest protected reserves in the country. It was later officially declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1938, ensuring its protection for future generations. This historical layering is a key reason why the entire Sacred City of Kandy, including Udawattekele, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1988.

Today, the sanctuary preserves not only its rich biodiversity but also its spiritual heritage. It houses several secluded forest monasteries and hermitages, where Buddhist monks continue a centuries-old tradition of meditation in its peaceful embrace. This unique blend of royal history, colonial conservation, and living spiritual practice adds a profound dimension to its undeniable natural beauty, making a visit a truly multifaceted experience.

## What to See and Do

Udawattekele Sanctuary is an explorer’s delight, offering a network of well-marked trails that wind through its dense, tropical landscape. The main trail is a gentle 3-kilometer loop, but numerous smaller paths branch off, inviting you to delve deeper into the forest's secrets. As you walk, keep your eyes and ears open for the sanctuary's incredible biodiversity. The forest is a premier birdwatching destination in Kandy, home to around 80 avian species, including the endemic Layard's parakeet, yellow-fronted barbet, and the Sri Lanka hanging parrot. Troops of toque macaques are a common sight, swinging through the canopy, while the more elusive Indian muntjac (barking deer) and wild boar may be spotted by quiet and patient observers.

Several key landmarks punctuate the forest trails. A must-see is the legendary 'Pus Wela,' a colossal, 200 to 300-year-old giant liana (Entada rheedii) that snakes its way through the trees, a testament to the forest's age and untamed nature. Another significant spot is the Royal Pond, or 'Kiri Muhuda,' a serene body of water historically believed to have been a bathing place for the queens of the Kandyan court. It offers a moment of perfect tranquility amidst the forest sounds.

For a panoramic perspective, make the short climb to Kodimale, the highest peak within the sanctuary. From here, you can catch glimpses of Kandy city and the surrounding hills through the foliage, offering a unique viewpoint of the landscape. The sanctuary also holds deep spiritual significance, with several hermitages and forest monasteries like the Tapovanaya and Senanayake Aramaya nestled within its grounds, where monks live in quiet contemplation. Before you begin your exploration, a stop at the Nature Education Centre at the entrance provides valuable information about the flora and fauna you are about to encounter.

## Best Time to Visit

The ideal time to explore Udawattekele Sanctuary is during Kandy’s main dry season, which runs from December through April. During these months, the weather is generally pleasant with minimal rainfall, making the forest trails less muddy and easier to navigate. Temperatures are comfortable, creating perfect conditions for a leisurely hike or dedicated wildlife photography. For the best chance of spotting the sanctuary's rich birdlife, an early morning visit between 6:00 AM and 10:00 AM is highly recommended, as the birds are most active and vocal during this period. Late afternoons also offer cooler temperatures for a pleasant walk.

While the dry season is optimal, the forest's beauty is ever-present. Visiting during the shoulder months or even the monsoon seasons (Yala from May to August and Maha from October to January) reveals a different side of the sanctuary. The forest becomes exceptionally lush and vibrant, with the sounds and smells of the rainforest amplified. However, be prepared for rain showers and the increased presence of leeches on the trails during these wetter periods.

## How to Get There

Udawattekele Sanctuary's prime location makes it incredibly accessible for visitors staying in Kandy. The main entrance is situated just a short distance uphill from the world-famous Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic and the Kandy National Museum. For those who enjoy a brisk walk, the entrance can be reached on foot from the Kandy Lake area in about 15-20 minutes, though be prepared for a steep but rewarding climb that offers nice views as you ascend.

Alternatively, a quick and convenient option is to hire a tuk-tuk from anywhere in Kandy city. The ride from the city center or the lake typically takes less than 10 minutes and is very affordable. This is the recommended method if you're short on time or prefer to save your energy for walking inside the sanctuary. JEMO TRIP & TOUR can easily incorporate a visit into your Kandy city tour, ensuring seamless transportation. Upon arrival at the main gate, non-resident visitors are required to purchase an entrance ticket; the fee contributes directly to the conservation of this precious urban forest.

## Travel Tips & Recommendations

To make the most of your visit to Udawattekele, preparation is key. Wear sturdy, comfortable walking shoes as the paths can be uneven. Carry a bottle of water to stay hydrated and apply insect repellent to ward off mosquitoes. During the wetter months, wearing leech socks or applying a salt solution to your shoes is a wise precaution. A camera, preferably with a zoom lens, is essential for capturing the diverse wildlife from a respectful distance without disturbing the animals.

For a richer experience, consider hiring one of the knowledgeable guides available at the entrance; their trained eyes can spot wildlife you might otherwise miss and share fascinating stories about the forest's history. Always stay on the marked trails to protect the fragile ecosystem and ensure your safety. Remember to observe wildlife quietly and never feed the monkeys, as this can encourage aggressive behavior and is detrimental to their health.

## Conclusion

Udawattekele Sanctuary is a rare treasure—a place where Sri Lanka's royal history, spiritual tranquility, and vibrant natural world converge just steps from a bustling city. It offers a truly unique and enriching experience for every traveler, from avid birdwatchers to history buffs and those simply seeking a moment of peace.

Ready to explore this hidden kingdom in the hills of Kandy? Contact JEMO TRIP & TOUR today, and let us craft your perfect Sri Lankan adventure, including a memorable journey through the enchanting Udawattekele Sanctuary.